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style="font-size:16px;"><strong>一、</strong>判断现场环境是否安全。</span> </p> <p class="p" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>二、</strong>做好个人防护</span> </p> <p class="p" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>三、</strong>判断伤病员有无意识。</span> </p> <p class="p" style="margin-left:0pt;text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>四、</strong>利用轻拍重唤的方法</span><span style="font-size:16px;">拍打</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">双肩，一边拍打一边</span><span style="font-size:16px;">在双耳处大声</span><span style="font-size:16px;">喊同志醒醒</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，能听到我讲话吗？若其</span><span style="font-size:16px;">没有反应，处于昏迷状态，应立即判断心跳和呼吸是否停止</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，利用</span><span style="font-size:16px;">5-7秒观察其胸部腹部是否有起伏，1001-1002-1003…1007，若无起伏，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">证明其</span><span style="font-size:16px;">呼吸</span><span style="font-size:16px;">心跳</span><span style="font-size:16px;">骤停，应立即展开施救</span><span style="font-size:16px;">。</span> </p> <p class="p" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>五、</strong>立即展开心肺复苏急救</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>六、</strong>心肺复苏分为胸外按压</span><span style="font-size:16px;">、打开气道、</span><span style="font-size:16px;">人工呼吸。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>七、</strong>施救者跪在</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">的胸侧位，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">距离伤病员一拳的距离，双腿分开，与肩同宽。</span><span style="font-size:16px;">用单手掌根紧贴</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">胸骨中下</span><span style="font-size:16px;">1/3交界处，两乳头连线的中点处，或剑突上两横指处，另一手掌根重叠在下面手掌</span><span style="font-size:16px;">掌</span><span style="font-size:16px;">背上，使</span><span style="font-size:16px;">下面</span><span style="font-size:16px;">手指翘起脱离胸壁，然后</span><span style="font-size:16px;">双臂打直，不能弯曲，身体前倾，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">用力下压，但不能用力过猛，成人一般胸骨下陷</span><span style="font-size:16px;">5～6</span><span style="font-size:16px;">厘米左右，儿童下陷</span><span style="font-size:16px;">5 </span><span style="font-size:16px;">厘米左右，下压后手臂放开，使</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">胸部回到原位，然后再压，频率每分钟不低于</span><span style="font-size:16px;">100次</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，按压时手掌不能离开按压位置，不能发生弹跳式按压</span><span style="font-size:16px;">。按压</span><span style="font-size:16px;">30次就要进行人工呼吸2次，它们的比例是30：2。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="justify" style="text-align:left;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>人工呼吸的</strong></span><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>操作</strong></span><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>方法：</strong></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>八、</strong>清除口鼻异物：</span><span style="font-size:16px;">打开气道之前首先要清除伤病员口鼻异物，双手抱住其脸颊，大拇指轻压下颌，若有异物，应检查其颈椎有没有受伤，若没有受伤，两手抱住伤病员的头离开地面轻轻往施救者一侧倾斜</span><span style="font-size:16px;">45度，然后右手大拇指压住其舌头，左手食指弯曲将异物清除干净，然后再抱住头慢慢恢复至原位。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>九、</strong>打开气道：</span><span style="font-size:16px;">施救者跪在</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">的头侧位，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">施</span><span style="font-size:16px;">救者将一手掌小</span><span style="font-size:16px;">拇指侧</span><span style="font-size:16px;">（小鱼际）置于患者前额，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">压住其额头</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，另一手的食指和中指置于下颌</span><span style="font-size:16px;">处</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，将</span><span style="font-size:16px;">下颌</span><span style="font-size:16px;">向前抬起，帮助头部后仰，气道开放。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>人工呼吸：</strong></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"> 左手捏紧伤病员鼻子，右手将其嘴巴打开，然后对准嘴巴，包唇吹气，防止气体露出。可用一次性呼吸面膜或者纱布等透气的东西盖在口上吹气，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">然后抬头，捏鼻手松开，然后再捏鼻吹气，吹气时要用余光观察</span><span style="font-size:16px;">伤病员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">胸部和腹部有没有起伏</span> <span style="font-size:16px;">。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0pt;text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"> 胸外按压配合人工呼吸反复操作，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">比例是</span><span style="font-size:16px;">30：2，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">至少做五组才有效果，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">直到恢复溺水者的心跳和呼吸为止</span><span style="font-size:16px;">，或者急救车到来，中途不可以停止对伤病员的抢救</span><span style="font-size:16px;">。</span> </p> <p class="p" align="justify" style="text-align:left;"> <strong><span style="font-size:16px;">人文关怀：</span></strong> </p> <p class="p" align="justify" style="text-align:left;margin-left:0pt;text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"> 若伤病员恢复呼吸心跳，证明复苏成功，应立即停止按压，给其穿好衣服添衣保暖，并做好人文关怀。</span> </p> <p class="p" align="justify" style="text-align:left;margin-left:0pt;"> <span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>总结：</strong></span> </p> <p class="p" align="justify" style="text-align:left;margin-left:0pt;text-indent:2em;"> <span style="font-size:16px;">经过“体验式”培训后使受训学员</span><span style="font-size:16px;">能掌握基本的急救意识与操作流程，树立正确的生命安全观念。通过了解判断意识、呼救、胸外按压等关键步骤，孩子在面对突发情况时能保持冷静，懂得及时求助、科学施救，既提升应急反应与自救互救能力，也培养责任感、爱心与尊重生命的态度。这不仅是一项实用技能，更是守护自己与他人安全的重要保障，让孩子在成长中更懂安全、更会避险。</span> </p> <p class="p" align="justify" style="margin-left:0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:2em;"> <br /> </p></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="subcont_left"> <div id="block_region_1" class="block_region"><!--可放置拖动块区域--> <div class="block_node block-self block_essay" rel="100001"><!--可拖动块--> <div class="xinwen"> <div class="sublefttitle"><p>栏目导航</p></div> <div class="subleftcot"> <ul> <li id=""><a title="地震模拟体验及安全逃生技巧" 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